Pathology
Zainab Abdalameer Alqurashi
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer developing when the cells of thyroid gland grow abnormally. The characteristic of thyroid cancer involve swelling or a tumor in the neck.Objective Knowledge the incidence rate of Thyroid cancer in Wasit Province from (2017–2021) related with Age and Gender.Results In our ...
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Background Thyroid cancer developing when the cells of thyroid gland grow abnormally. The characteristic of thyroid cancer involve swelling or a tumor in the neck.Objective Knowledge the incidence rate of Thyroid cancer in Wasit Province from (2017–2021) related with Age and Gender.Results In our research, cancer data were taken in Wasit Governorate for patients attending the Al-Karama Teaching Hospital for the period From 2017 to 2021, the results showed that thyroid cancer had recorded in- cidence reach (13.004%), where 42 out of 323 cases of cancer were recorded in last five years.The data were distributed according to the years as they were distributed over the years (2017 to 2021), where the highest rate of in- fection was in the year 2020,While the lowest rate of infection was recorded in 2019 with a frequency of 5 cases.As for the relationship of thyroid cancer with gender, the results showed that thyroid cancer had 21.42% of cases in males, while in females had 78.57%.The relationship of the disease with the age was found the majority of the 9 patients in this study were between the ages of 50 and 59, making about 21.4% of the total. Eight instances (19.1%) were found in people aged 40–49, while seven cases (16.7%) were found in people aged 30–39. Two occurrences of thyroid cancer were re- ported in people aged 70 to 79, the age group with the lowest incidence rate.Conclusion Thyroid cancer in the past 5 years showed the highest rate of cases was recorded in 2020. Relationship of the disease with gender has shown that females are more affected than male . Relationship with age factor found that the most vulnerable age groups are 50-59 years old.
Biochemistry
Mahmoud Mohsen Muhammad; Thanaa Mohammed Juda; Zina Saeed Al-Fadili
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, diverse, inflamma- tory skin disease that generally starts in infancy and lasts into adulthood. Tcell-driven inflammation, mostly through T helper (Th) 2- and Th17- derived cytokines, which are controlled by the Janus kinase (JAK) signal- ing pathway, is ...
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Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, diverse, inflamma- tory skin disease that generally starts in infancy and lasts into adulthood. Tcell-driven inflammation, mostly through T helper (Th) 2- and Th17- derived cytokines, which are controlled by the Janus kinase (JAK) signal- ing pathway, is critical to AD. S100a7 and eotaxin(ccl24) were measured in serum samples.Objective Finding diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers that can be used to diagnose atopic dermatitis patients early in the course of the disease is the goal of the current study. It also aims to determine changes in s1007a and eotaxin as a biomarker in atopic dermatitis patients and the study of these markers to give advice on how to treat AD.Material and methods The samples were obtained from the derma- tology clinic’s registered patients at Al-Musayyib General Hospital, Al- Imam Al-Sadiq Hospital, and Murjan Teaching Hospital between October 1 and November 1, 2022. Blood samples were utilized to analyze the bio- chemical properties of the serum, such as s100a7 and eotaxin(ccl24). were assessed for patients using the ELISA technique. The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software.Results Results of the examination of the eotaxin biomarker in the pa- tient group with atopic dermatitis were substantially better than those in the control group (p ≤ 0.05), and the s100a7 biomarker increased in the patient groups compared to the control group (p ≤0.05).Conclusion Patients with atopic dermatitis had considerably higher levels of every parameter compared to healthy persons.
Biochemistry
Abiya Ahad
Abstract
DOACs are the anticoagulation drugs of choice. Using nitroglycerin- containing preparations or sublingual glyceryl trinitrate is not permitted in morbidly obese patients. The lack of supporting evidence made it difficult to support the use of these methods. As a result, the International Soci- ety on ...
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DOACs are the anticoagulation drugs of choice. Using nitroglycerin- containing preparations or sublingual glyceryl trinitrate is not permitted in morbidly obese patients. The lack of supporting evidence made it difficult to support the use of these methods. As a result, the International Soci- ety on Thrombosis and Haemostasis did not recommend using antiplatelet drugs for patients who experienced cerebrovascular accidents. Due to the absence of therapeutic monitoring and the need for anticoagulant bridg- ing, the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) has gained substantial popularity. Few studies have examined their efficacy in people with obe- sity and VTE. It is presently not advised that these medicines be used as first-line treatments due to preliminary subgroup and pharmacokinetic investigations suggesting lower effectiveness in patients with a bodyweight >120 kg or body mass index (BMI) 40 kg per m2. Our study’s primary objective was to evaluate the recurrence of VTE after DOAC treatment in morbidly obese individuals with a VTE diagnosis. A recent study suggests that DOAC use will benefit Parkinson’s disease patients. This paper aimed to systematically review the literature exploring the efficacy and safety of these agents compared to warfarin in treating heart disease in severely obese patients. Accordingly, the international society on thrombosis and haemostasis has forbidden their use in this cohort of patients. There is am- ple evidence for the benefit of DOACs for these purposes. We wanted to learn about the effectiveness and safety issues of novel oral anticoagulants compared to warfarin. A systematic review of PubMed and EMBASE to 01/04/2020. Our analysis of real-world observational data supports the use of DOAC analogues for treating obese patients with a greater body weight ofFIXME>FIXME120 kg and a BMI ofFIXME>FIXME40 kg/m2. This finding helps to address in this cohort the uncertainty associated with the application of DOACs.
Biochemistry
Zahraa Mohammed Ali Abd; Nawal Khinteel Jabbar
Abstract
Background Recent studies have connected microribonucleic acid (miRNA) to several illnesses as a stimulant or inhibitor. Oxidative stress and thyroid diseases are connected to miRNA-22. The underlying pro- cesses remain unknown. In this study, hyperthyroid women’s miRNA-22 expression is linked ...
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Background Recent studies have connected microribonucleic acid (miRNA) to several illnesses as a stimulant or inhibitor. Oxidative stress and thyroid diseases are connected to miRNA-22. The underlying pro- cesses remain unknown. In this study, hyperthyroid women’s miRNA-22 expression is linked to oxidative stress.Materials and Methods 40 women suffering from hyperthyroidism and 40 in this study, healthy volunteers who served as controls were in- cluded. The levels of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were mea- sured by sandwich assay, While the competitive binding immunoenzymatic assay was used to determine the levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroxine (T4). To assess lipid profiles, an automated analyzer was em- ployed. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were measured. Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase activity (CAT), (MDA) malondialdehyde, and levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) assessed using a colorimetric tech- nique. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the expression of serum miRNA-22.Results Non-significantly increase SOD and significantly increase CAT activity were identified in patient groups than in the control group (P<0.05), also the patient group’s AOPP and MDA concentrations were discovered to significantly rise from those of the control group. (P< 0.05). IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the patient group than in (P<0.05) the control group. The level of miRNA-22 was higher in the sick group as compared to the control groups (P<0.05).Conclusion The pathophysiology of oxidative stress brought on by hy- perthyroidism involves miRNA-22 expression, Oxidative stress increases and miRNA-22 gene expression increase in a reciprocal manner, which results in the disease’s development.
Molecular
Namariq Al-Saadi; Husam Al-hraishawi
Abstract
Background Y-box member SOX9 determines sex. This family’s eight subgroups (A–H) have one to three members each. Sox gene transcription factors are critical for development and conserved across species. Several studies have shown that a tiny percentage of malignant cells, called cancer stem-like ...
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Background Y-box member SOX9 determines sex. This family’s eight subgroups (A–H) have one to three members each. Sox gene transcription factors are critical for development and conserved across species. Several studies have shown that a tiny percentage of malignant cells, called cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells, have stem cell traits such self-renewal and differentiation. Self-renewal is thought to cause tumor growth and progression. Mechanistic studies show that SOX9 controls cancer-specific gene networks that are involved in self-renewal, differentia- tion, and extracellular matrix/cytoskeleton remodeling.Objective This review examines SOX9 as a predictive biomarker and its function in cancer beginnings, progression, and therapeutic resistance across many cancer types. This review discusses genetic/epigenetic SOX9 deregulation in several cancers.Results Multiple cancer types revealed high SOX9 expression and prog- nosis in the CBIOportal database. SOX9-targeting small molecules may diminish chemotherapy resistance. Finally, SOX9 over-expression, malig- nant prognosis, and resistance need additional study.
