Original article
Biochemistry
Abdullah Mohammed Abdulkarim; Khalid Farouk Abdul Ghafour; Rafal Mustafa Murshid
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to learn more about Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and the connection between body fat percentage and hormonal imbalance.Subjects and methods The Control (N = 60) and PCOS (N = 90) groups comprised inactive women. Single-use needles were used in the (10 ml) blood collection ...
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Objective This study aimed to learn more about Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and the connection between body fat percentage and hormonal imbalance.Subjects and methods The Control (N = 60) and PCOS (N = 90) groups comprised inactive women. Single-use needles were used in the (10 ml) blood collection process. Venous blood was collected from the females approaching consulting clinic at Al-Ramadi Teaching Hospital for Women and Children in Anbar, Iraq, from February 2022 to July 2022. The PCOS group was segregated into three subgroups (25–30%, 30–35%, and 35–40%) based on body fat percentage. In addition to tests of follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone(LH), and anti-Mullerian hormone(AMH), the approach also included measurements of body fat in- dex, neck circumference, waist-hip ratio, and Body fat percentage.Results The mean ±SD of LH level in serum in the subgroups of PCOS patients (25%-30%, 30%-35%, 35%- 40%) and control group was (47.30±7.76, 62.04±7.78, 61.65±7.73) and (19.83±3.79) respectively. While the mean±SD of AMH level in serum in the subgroups of PCOS patients (25%-30%, 30%-35%, 35%- 40%) and control group was (989.86±196.35, 1140.69±208.44, 1125.22±217.87) and (599.13±171.23) respectively. The mean± SD of LH level in serum in the subgroups of PCOS patients (25%-30%, 30%-35%, 35%-40%) and control group was (20.54±3.65,21.88±3.17 and 21.67±3.64 ) and (35.31±3.73) respectively at P≤0.05.Conclusion Our results show that PCOS and body fat percentage di- rectly impact FSH, LH, and AMH concentrations, as well as anthropomet- ric measurements.
Original article
Biochemistry
Hossam Shalman Hammadi; Abdulsamie Hassan Alta'ee; Ban Amir Musa
Abstract
Background The peptide hormones parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT) both work on osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and osteo- clasts (bone-resorbing cells) to regulate calcium homeostasis.
Aims of the study This study aimed to evaluate the changes in serum levels of parathyroid hormone and ...
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Background The peptide hormones parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT) both work on osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and osteo- clasts (bone-resorbing cells) to regulate calcium homeostasis.
Aims of the study This study aimed to evaluate the changes in serum levels of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Babylon Governorate, Iraq.
Materials and methods This study designs as a case-control study performed on pregnant women who attended Women’s and Children’s Hos- pital in Hilla and Shomali General Hospital in Babylon Governorate. Forty pregnant women with a range age (18-40 years) and 50 healthy subjects with non-pregnant women with range age (18-40 years) visited the hos- pital for routine check-ups without any history of chronic diseases, acute illness and infection. The biochemical parameters were determined by the sandwich ELISA technique.
Results The results show a significant increase in levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CAL) in pregnant as compared with the non-pregnant group (277.7 ± 47.87 ng/mL),( 72.58 ± 12.76 ng/mL) and (21.89 ± 4.412 ng/mL), ( 9.65 ± 1.921 ng/mL) respectively. The significant difference (p-value < 0.0001).Conclusion In conclusion, the present study finds that pregnant women experience significant hormonal changes in PTH and CT, which indicates the necessity of diagnosing these changes and treating them for the success of this pregnancy.
Original article
Immunology
Meraim A. Kazaal; Afrah A. Habeeb; Huda Noor Hasan
Abstract
Background Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily re- sulting from interactions between genetic and environmental factors, in which immunological mediators and cells play a crucial role. This study aimed to determine the role of IL-13 and eosinophilia in adult asthmatic patients.Methods ...
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Background Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily re- sulting from interactions between genetic and environmental factors, in which immunological mediators and cells play a crucial role. This study aimed to determine the role of IL-13 and eosinophilia in adult asthmatic patients.Methods This case-control study was conducted on 69 patients (48 fe- males, 21 males) with acute bronchial Asthma and their age range (18-70). Other 20 healthy subjects (11 females and 9 males) were included as a control group. The optical density of IL-13 in serum was detected by ELISA technique and from which IL-13 was evaluated according to stan- dard carve. A complete blood count was performed for all blood samples to detect eosinophils number (cell/μl) by the RUBY system.Results The results of the study showed that 31.9% of the patients were in the age group of (20-35) years, 27.5% of the patients had clini- cal manifestations in the age >20 years, and 69.6% of patients were fe- males. Significant association of gender and age for cases and controls not demonstrated (p-value = 0.23 and 0.83 respectively). This study detected the distinct role of IL-13 and eosinophil in cases of Asthma compared to healthy controls (P value <0.001) and showed the gradual high of IL-13 in serum associated with an ordered increase in eosinophil count in peripheral blood.Conclusion The results of the study showed that 31.9% of the patients were in the age group of (20-35) years, 27.5% of the patients had clini- cal manifestations in the age >20 years, and 69.6% of patients were fe- males. Significant association of gender and age for cases and controls not demonstrated (p-value = 0.23 and 0.83 respectively). This study detected the distinct role of IL-13 and eosinophil in cases of Asthma compared to healthy controls (P value <0.001) and showed the gradual high of IL-13 in serum associated with an ordered increase in eosinophil count in peripheral blood.
Original article
Immunology
Zainab M. Hillel; Zainab N. Alabady
Abstract
Background Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. This paper highlights the role of nicotinamide adenine din- ucleotide (NAD) consuming enzymes such as CD38, PARP1, and SIRT1 in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and patients suffering from ...
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Background Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. This paper highlights the role of nicotinamide adenine din- ucleotide (NAD) consuming enzymes such as CD38, PARP1, and SIRT1 in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and patients suffering from chronic myeloid leukemia.Materials and methods Based on recent data. 40 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 40 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 30 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and 40 healthy persons served as controls. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) sandwich technique was used to detect the serum levels of CD38, PARP1, and SIRT1.Results In patient, groups compared to the control group, CD38 con- centrations were discovered to be considerably higher (p < 0.05), especially in the CML group, also Comparing patient groups to the control group, it was discovered that the amounts of PARP1 were considerably greater (p < 0.05), especially CML group, and When compared to the control group, the patient groups’ SIRT1 concentrations were discovered to be considerably greater, especially AML group (p < 0.05).Conclusion The results obtained show that there is a reliable correla- tion between the NAD-dependent enzymes and groups of patients suffering from leukemia and are considered predictive indicators of the pathological condition that can be used in the future in treatments.
Original article
Hematology
Abiya Ahad
Abstract
Background Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most prevalent type of anaemia. Developing countries have a higher prevalence of IDA. In the present study the prevalence of IDA in children aged 5 to 15 years were investigated along with the associated etiological factors.Methodology This cross sectional ...
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Background Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most prevalent type of anaemia. Developing countries have a higher prevalence of IDA. In the present study the prevalence of IDA in children aged 5 to 15 years were investigated along with the associated etiological factors.Methodology This cross sectional study was conducted among the children aged between 5 years and 15 years of agei the Nathdawara, Udaipur, Rajasthan. The subjects was selected randomly from the patients visiting the study centre. For collecting sociodemographic data, such as age, gender, and level of education, family history of diabetes, a structured questionnaire was utilised. After histories and physicals was examined, ve- nous blood samples was collected. The following parameters was measured: total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), concentration of Hb, mean corpuscu- lar hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), serum iron (SI), ferritin, Ret-He, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and hematocrit (Hct). Appropriate statistical analtsis were done.
Results In this study, total 390 participants in the age group of 5-15 years were included. Majority of the children enrolled in this study had iron deficiency anemia (71.79%). The mean hemoglobin concentration was 8.65±1.63 g/dL. Among the total 280 children who belonged to the IDA category 58.57% were female and 41.43% were male. This indicates a higher prevalence of IDA among females. Maximum of the children were from the lower socioeconomic category 66.79%. Among total 111 female cases that had IDA, 55 were in the age group of 11-15 years and menorrhagia was present in 36 cases (65.45%).Conclusion In the present study, the higher prevalence of iron defi- ciency was reported in the study population of 5-15 years, with a high number of females being affected. Vegetarian children were more affected compared to their nonvegetarian counterparts. Children belonging to the lower socio-economic class were more anemic.
