Pathology
Related Pathological and Social Factors that Delay Early Detection of Breast Cancer among Females

Asmaa Tarek Kadhim Al-Hakak; Halah Basim Jawad Mohammed

Volume 1, Issue 1 , April 2022, , Page 1-7

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.17158

Abstract
  The current study aimed at assessing the factors that hinder early detection of breast cancer among women, and to identify the association between socio-demographic characteristics and women's knowledge about ways of early detection and causes for delay in seeking medical help. Methodology: A descriptive ...  Read More ...

Microbiology
Study of the Bacterial Sensitivity to different Antibiotics which are isolated from patients with UTI using Kirby-Bauer Method

Yousif Sinan Alhamadani; Aamir Oudah

Volume 1, Issue 2 , August 2022, , Page 1-6

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.19387

Abstract
  Background: The Aim of the study was to determine the sensitivity of different types of bacteria to 30 different types of antibiotics by using Kirby-Bauer Method. Methods: The study was conducted in December 2021 and January 2022, in Al-Samawah city. Where the study was conducted on 33 patients from ...  Read More ...

Biochemistry
Measuring the Concentration of Plasma "Lipid Profile and Iron" in Al-Mustaqbal University College Smokers

Qusay Azeez Hasan; Sabrean Jawad; Emam Atiyah Ibadi; Aliaa Kareem Abdulla; Qassim A. Zigam; Hasanain Kamil Hasan Owadh

Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2023, , Page 1-6

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2023.5911.1022

Abstract
  In developed countries, the biggest factor leading to death is cigarette smok- ing, where smoking causes cancers, congestive heart diseases, pulmonary diseases, and other diseases. This study was conducted at Al-Mustaqbal University College - Hilla - Iraq, to evaluate the effect of smoking types on lipid ...  Read More ...

Biochemistry
The use of collagen type-II as an indicator for assessment regeneration effect post intra-articular pure-PRP injection in KOA patient

Ajil A. Alzamily; Waleed M. Jifeel

Volume 1, Issue 2 , August 2022, , Page 7-14

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.19388

Abstract
  Background: knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a complex disease that causes metabolic, structural, biochemical, and functional alterations in afflicted tissues. Physical examination and radiological findings are the present methods for the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis. Traditionally, KOA medication focused ...  Read More ...

Immunology
Novel SNPs of TNF-a and IL-6 that Regulate Serum Level in Obese Patients

Hadeel Abdulhadi Omear

Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2023, , Page 7-20

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2023.6398.1025

Abstract
  Background Obesity is an abnormal amount of fats in the body that can result from several factors majorly including environmental and genetic fac- tors. The worldwide prevalence of obesity has increased tremendously in the last three decades and is now considered a global epidemic. Despite the negative ...  Read More ...

Genetics
Pathological risk factors related to mother during pregnancy that lead to epilepsy in children

Halah Mohammed; Asmaa Tarek Kadhim Al-Hakak

Volume 1, Issue 1 , April 2022, , Page 8-13

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.17159

Abstract
  Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder related to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. The current study aims to identify the risk factors associated with epilepsy among children related to mothers.   Methodology: A descriptive case-control study was adopted to achieve the stated ...  Read More ...

Microbiology
Intersecting Epidemics of Many Unknowns: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Covid-19

Tomy .A.D; Tai Chy

Volume 1, Issue 1 , April 2022, , Page 14-18

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.17450

Abstract
  Since July 2020, or around six months after the outbreak of the new coronavirus infection in 2019, no one has been able to explain why people with HIV (PLWH) are negatively affected (COVID-19). COVID-19 vulnerability appears to be the same in HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals, however, results ...  Read More ...

Microbiology
Evaluation of some cardiac markers in relation to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine

Buthainah Al-Azzawi; Ahmed Kareem AL-Eqabi

Volume 1, Issue 2 , August 2022, , Page 15-24

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.19395

Abstract
  Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a dangerous cardiovascular illness that has a significant impact on people's health. Several biomarkers, including Myoglobin and troponin I (cTnI) were utilized to diagnose AMI in recent decades. The Troponin I (cTnI) was designated as the "gold standard" ...  Read More ...

Toxicology
Some Trace Elements and Oxidative Stress Status in Patients with Chronic Rheumatoid Arthritis

Noor Kamil Abd Alameer; Haider Abd Jabbar Alammar

Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2023, , Page 21-27

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2023.6412.1026

Abstract
  Background Rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.) is a complex polygenic, au- toimmune inflammatory disease. It was disturbing that almost 1-2% of people depended on that geographic spreading worldwide. R.A. can result from the interaction of genetic, environmental, and autoimmunity. It is characterized by non-organ-specific ...  Read More ...

Toxicology
Discharge Plan for Mothers of Children Undergoing Congenital Heart Surgery

Michael P Doyle; M. Anthony McKervey

Volume 1, Issue 1 , April 2022, , Page 19-30

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.17688

Abstract
  Background: Congenital heart defect is the second cause of death in infancy and childhood and is the leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Congenital heart surgery corrects a heart defect that a child is born with it.  Aim: This study aimed at evaluating the effect of discharge plans ...  Read More ...

Microbiology
The Significant Relationship between A Prostatitis and A High Level of Glycated hemoglobin in Non-Insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus in AL-Diwaniah Province

Aqeel kareem; Ali Hadi Sabhan

Volume 1, Issue 2 , August 2022, , Page 25-28

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.5455.1007

Abstract
  Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) on the serum level of prostatespecific antigen. Background: Prostatitis is an inflammation of prostate gland ; several kinds chronic (nonbacterial) prostatitis and sever(chronic) bacterial ...  Read More ...

Biochemistry
Role of Routine Markers in the Diagnosis of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Haider Ali Laibi; Abdulkareem M. Jewad; Mohammed Mahdi Salih

Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2023, , Page 28-35

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2023.6532.1027

Abstract
  Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease CKD cause different GFR declines (AKI). A gradual, irreversible decline in GFR is a CKD symptom. Diseases impair the kidneys’ ability to concentrate or dilute tubular filtrate, eliminate nitrogenous waste, and maintain acid-base balance. ...  Read More ...

Immunology
A Possible Role for COVID-19 Infection in the Development of Thyroid Disorder

Maryam Saad Ali; Buthainah Al-Azzawi

Volume 1, Issue 3 , December 2022, , Page 1-5

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.5461.1008

Abstract
  Background Coronavirus is the new millennium’s pandemic, with widespread consequences that include pneumonia and systemic contagion, as well as various clinical diagnoses affecting the endocrine system. Objectives To investigate the impact of covid-19 infection on thyroid stability ...  Read More ...

Microbiology
Evaluation of some biochemical markers in relation to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine

Meaad Falah Fadhil; Buthainah Al-Azzawi

Volume 1, Issue 3 , December 2022, , Page 6-14

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.20105

Abstract
  Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a national pandemic for more than 2 years, and it continues to have an unimaginable impact on our way of life and quality of life. It is critical to gain a  deeper understanding of how immunity is regulated in response ...  Read More ...

Microbiology
Estimation of some Bioactive substances and Antibacterial activity of Zingiber officinale (Ginger) Extract

Shahbaa M. Al-khazraji; Madeha H. Hossain; Ali S. Hassoon

Volume 1, Issue 2 , August 2022, , Page 29-33

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.5544.1017

Abstract
  The methalonic and equeous extracts of ginger were employed in this investigation for antibacterial activity against both gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus). Agar disk diffusion was used to assess growth inhibition. The two extracts had clear antibacterial action ...  Read More ...

Microbiology
Secondary Metabolism Compounds Study of Essential Oils for the Mentha spicata L. and Ocimum basilicum L.

Raghad Khalil Alarkwazi; Gasaq Reaihd Abdulreda; Ali Salam Ali

Volume 1, Issue 1 , April 2022, , Page 31-37

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.18906

Abstract
  Background: The mint and basil plants (M. spicata L. and O. basilicum L.) of the labiate family were used in the study.   Methods: A qualitative chemical detection regarding several active chemicals in the leaves of M. spicata L. and O. basilicum L. was part of the investigation.   ...  Read More ...

Pharmacology
Correlation of N-terminal fragments of Atrial Natriuretic Neuropeptides (NT-ProANP) with Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction in Cases with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Ali Jihad Hemid Al-Athari

Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2023, , Page 36-41

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2023.6575.1028

Abstract
  Background This study aimed to assess the correlation of natriuretic neuropeptides (NT-ProANP) with the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with acute myocardial (AMI).Materials and Methods This case-control study composed of 120 pa- tients was recruited from the cardiac center in Babylon, ...  Read More ...

Microbiology
Antibacterial Effect of Onion‘s Infusion and Garlic‘s Infusion on Escherichia Coli Isolated from Urine Samples

Ahmed Sami Salman

Volume 1, Issue 3 , December 2022, , Page 15-20

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.20107

Abstract
  Introduction many searchers studies properties of Onion extract and garlic extract,but they do not study infusion effect of garlic and onion against bacteria. The Aim to know antibacterial activity of Onion‘s Infusion and Garlic‘s Infusion. Methodology searcher prepared garlic ...  Read More ...

Epidemiology
Assessment of Fatigue among Patients with Cancer at Euphrates Cancer Hospital

Zainab Hamed Abdel-Hussein; Fatima Wanas Khdair; Ali Al-fahhan

Volume 1, Issue 2 , August 2022, , Page 34-40

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.5278.1002

Abstract
  Background: Fatigue is a condition characterized by a subjective feeling of a decrease in energy, and it has both physical and psychological aspects. Many authors have pointed out the overlap between fatigue and depression. Methods: A Descriptive correlational Design is used to study the ...  Read More ...

Biochemistry
Accumulation of Toxic Elements Disrupts Metabolic Processes in the Human: Review

Ali Adeeb Hussein Ali

Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2023, , Page 42-50

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2023.6701.1029

Abstract
  Background Toxic elements are inorganic substances that do not have a physiological or functional role within the human body. Most metabolic processes are disrupted due to their accumulation through prolonged expo- sure to them from the environment. Toxic elements make up an extensive and very toxicologically ...  Read More ...

Virology
Study of tissue damage in the respiratory system of patients with COVID-19 in Al-Muthanna Governorate

Yousif Alhamadani; Rima Hassan

Volume 1, Issue 3 , December 2022, , Page 21-26

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.5654.1019

Abstract
  The object of study was conducted on 30 patients from three different geographical areas of Al-Muthanna Governorate, Samawah city, Al-Rumaitha district, and Al-Khader. The study was conducted on 30 patients, 18 females and 12 males. Ages ranges were between 20 – 75 years old. ...  Read More ...

Immunology
Evaluation of The Effect of Epidural Steroid Injection on Interleukin -18 in Patients with Low Back Pain

Zainab R. Alqaseer; Ajil A. Alzamily; Ihsan A. alsalman

Volume 1, Issue 3 , December 2022, , Page 27-33

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.20106

Abstract
  Background: Having lower back discomfort is common. Back ten- sion may cause sciatica. Low back, or lumbar region, begins below the ribs. Most people will have low back discomfort. Disk damage, struc- tural issues, and atherosclerosis also contribute. Rest, physical ther- apy, and medicine relieve pain. ...  Read More ...

Microbiology
Estimation of some Essential oils and study Antibacterial activity of Rosmarinus officinalis Extract

Madeha H. Hossain; Shahbaa M. Al-khazraji; Ali S. Hassoon

Volume 1, Issue 3 , December 2022, , Page 34-38

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.20108

Abstract
  The study was done to look into the antibacterial activity of equeous and methalonic extracts of the Rosmarinus officinalis leaves on the growth repression of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro. The disc diffusion method was employed to determine the sus- ceptibility of the bacteria ...  Read More ...

Immunology
Evaluation of the effect of injectionsof both platelet-rich plasma and hyaluronic acid in patients with early knee osteoarthritis via the concentration of interleukin-1β in serum

Ali Albdeery; Ajil Alzamily

Volume 1, Issue 3 , December 2022, , Page 39-49

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.20103

Abstract
    Background Early knee osteoarthritis, which causes the degeneration of articular cartilage and subchondral bone, is a disease that worsens with time and is a major contributor to physical disability. Several inflammatory cy- tokines released by chondrocytes work in concert to trigger the production ...  Read More ...

Immunology
Interleukin-4 Enhances the Production of Anti-Inflammatory Macrophages That Inhibits the Growth of Osteoclasts to Improve Knee Functionality

Haider Ali Yousif; Ajil A. Alzamily; Ihsan Abdulabbas Alsalman

Volume 1, Issue 3 , December 2022, , Page 50-56

https://doi.org/10.57238/jbb.2022.20104

Abstract
  Background : The knee is one of the largest and most complicated joints in the body. Knee osteoarthritis is a common disease for many people in many countries, especially those who have an unbalanced and unhealthy lifestyle, where they suffer from pain and difficulty in movement. Given that treatments ...  Read More ...