Immunology
Maryam Saad Ali; Buthainah Al-Azzawi
Abstract
Background Coronavirus is the new millennium’s pandemic, with widespread consequences that include pneumonia and systemic contagion, as well as various clinical diagnoses affecting the endocrine system. Objectives To investigate the impact of covid-19 infection on thyroid stability ...
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Background Coronavirus is the new millennium’s pandemic, with widespread consequences that include pneumonia and systemic contagion, as well as various clinical diagnoses affecting the endocrine system. Objectives To investigate the impact of covid-19 infection on thyroid stability and disease through measuring some biochemical marker that are related to thyroid.• Determine the level of inflammatory marker such as IL-6 and INF- γ Patients & Methods Eighty patients were involved in this case control cohort study all of them attended the isolation wards at Marjan Teaching Hospital in the province of Babylon- Iraq, from September 2021 to February 2022. The group of patients was divided into forty participants were apparently healthy individual without history of any diseases and with negative PCR results. The rest of the participants include: First group forty patients tested positive for Covid-19 infection with no history of thyroid disorder. Following those patients blood sample were collected at different time incident 5th ,10th ,15th and 25 day after diagnosis. Second group after following the patient for 2nd month five of them have symptoms of thyroid disease and after investigation it was confirmed to have thyroid problems. Blood was drawn from the patients for measurement the level of IL-6 and INF- γ concentration using ELISA technique. Results Our analysis of 80 Covid-19 patients and control , it was confirmed IL-6 and INF- γ were significant increase than control group and second. Conclusion In this cohort research of patients infected with Covid-19 infection, both IL-6 and INF- were shown to be significantly higher than in the control and second groups.
Microbiology
Meaad Falah Fadhil; Buthainah Al-Azzawi
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a national pandemic for more than 2 years, and it continues to have an unimaginable impact on our way of life and quality of life. It is critical to gain a deeper understanding of how immunity is regulated in response ...
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Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a national pandemic for more than 2 years, and it continues to have an unimaginable impact on our way of life and quality of life. It is critical to gain a deeper understanding of how immunity is regulated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The C-reactive.protein.(CRP) was the first acute phase protein to be identified, and it serves as a highly sensitive systemic indication of tissue damage, infection, as well as inflammation. Smooth muscle cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, and adipocytes are all involved in the production of this protein. Interleukin.10.(IL-10), commonly described as human. cytokine.synthesis.inhibitory.factor (CSIF). The IL-10 gene in humans produces interleukin 10, a pleiotropic cytokine with strong anti-inflammatory as well as immunosuppressive activities.The Aim the aim of this study is to evaluate the vaccine effectiveness using diagnostic biochemical markers.Material and method this study included 125 patients (56 males and 69 females) with vaccinated and non-vaccinated COVID-19 with an age range of 20–70 years. These patients are divided into two main groups: 1. vaccinated (vaccinated with COVID-19 infection, vaccinated without COVID-19 disease, vaccinated recoveredfrom the CoV-19 virus), 2. Unvaccinated (infected with the CoV-19 virus and non-vaccinated, recovered from COVID-19 and unvaccinated). The outcome is measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. This study was conducted during the period from November 2021 to May 2022 at Al-Shifaa medical center and the vaccine unit at Al-Diwaniyah Educational Hospital, Diwaniyah governorate, Iraq.Results The results showed an increase in CRP level for the vaccinated groups was significantly higher (P<0.0001) in group G2 (vaccinated with COVID) more than in G1 (vaccinated without COVID) and G3 (vaccinated recovered COVID). For non-vaccinated groups, it was significantly higher (P<0.01) in group G4 (no vaccine with COVID) more than in group G5 (no vaccine recovered COVID). The results also showed that the IL-10 in the 2nd and 4th weeks after vaccination had a higher level in G1 (vaccinated without COVID) and G2 (vaccinated with COVID) than in any other time incident. For G4 (no vaccine with COVID) showed that a significant increase was noticed in the 2nd week after diagnosis more than other time incidents. While G3 (vaccinated recovered COVID), G5 (no vaccine recovered COVID) showed that no significant increase was noticed among the different time incidents.Conclusion the use of mRNA for CoV-19 vaccination significantly modulates the increment of C-reactive protein and interleukin-10 and improves the immune response in patients with COVID-19 infection.
Microbiology
Ahmed Kareem AL-Eqabi; Buthainah Abbas Al-Azzawi
Abstract
Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a dangerous cardiovascular illness that has a significant impact on people's health. Several biomarkers, including Myoglobin and troponin I (cTnI) were utilized to diagnose AMI in recent decades. The Troponin I (cTnI) was designated as the "gold standard" ...
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Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a dangerous cardiovascular illness that has a significant impact on people's health. Several biomarkers, including Myoglobin and troponin I (cTnI) were utilized to diagnose AMI in recent decades. The Troponin I (cTnI) was designated as the "gold standard" cardiac biomarker for the prediction of cardiomyopathy. It's a heart muscle regulating protein found on normal myocyte actin filaments. When cardiac muscles are injured, cTnI, one of the main subunits of the cardiac troponin complex, is released into the circulation (e.g., myocardial infarction). Myoglobin denoted by (symbols Mb and MB) seems to be an iron- and o2-binding protein present in the vertebrate heart and skeletal muscle tissues and, more specifically, nearly all mammals. In humans, MB is only present in the bloodstream following muscle damage. Its primary function is to supply myocytes with oxygen. Also essential to nitric oxide hemostasis was myoglobin. Additionally, it facilitates the detoxification of response oxygen molecules from the body. MB is accountable for most vertebrate muscles' red hue.The aim: To assess the difference in the level of (MYOGLOBIN and TROPONIN_I) between patients with and without mRNA Vaccination.Methods: This study included 125 patients (65 male and 60 female) with vaccinated and non-vaccinated covid-19 with an age range of 20–69 years. These patients are divided into two main groups: 1. vaccinated (vaccinated with COVID-19 infection, vaccinated without COVID-19 disease, vaccinated recovered from the CoV-19 virus),2. unvaccinated (infected with the CoV-19 virus and non-vaccinated, recovered from covid-19 and unvaccinated). The outcome is measured using the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. This study was conducted during the period from November 2021 to May 2022 at the Martyr Dr. Fairouz General Hospital, Wasit governorate, Iraq.Results: Estimation of serum Troponin I and Myoglobin concentration showed that concentrations of Troponin I and Myoglobin were significantly higher (P<0.0001) in individuals infected with CoV-19 virus and unvaccinated higher than vaccinated with CoV-19 disease indicating the impact of the vaccine on the increment of both markers. However, the level of each marker was substantially higher (P<0.0001) in vaccinated with CoV-19 infection more than vaccinated without or recovered from COVID-19 illness.Conclusions: The use of mRNA CoV-19 vaccination significantly modulate the increment of Troponin I and Myoglobin and improves the cardiac symptomatology in patients with CoV-19 infection.
